Where are they now?
Recognises numbers to 5 in terms of their parts eg 5 is 4 and 1, or 3 and 2
Where to next?
Reads numerals to 30
Compares and orders numerals to 10
Purpose
When students become familiar with ways in which different numbers add together, particularly if this knowledge is associated with mental images of objects, they are more able to perform rapid mental calculations.
Activities and Assessments (designed to move students from step 2 to step 3)
Part-part whole board
Focus: Identifying pairs of numbers that add to make a given, single digit number.
How: Place a known number of counters in the box on the board and then split them into two different groups. Count and discuss the two groups that make up the initial number and record by drawing a diagram or picture of the two groups. Repeat.
Tens frames (video example)
Adapted from ‘Ten Frames’, Developing Efficient Numeracy Strategies Stage 1 page 29. NSW Department of Education and Training, Professional Support and Curriculum Directorate 2003
Focus: Visualise numbers up to 10 as dot patterns. Become familiar with pairs of numbers that combine to make ten.
How: Provide each student with a ten-frame and 10 counters. Students take turns to roll a die displaying dot patterns, count the dots and place the corresponding number of counters onto the ten-frame. The exact number needed to complete the ten-frame must be rolled to finish.
Try adding a rule where students fill one row of the ten-frame first. This helps to emphasise the structure of the “five” part of the number and also to see a larger number as being “five and something”, eg seven could be seen as five and two.
Target
Focus: Identifying pairs of numbers that add to make ten. Having counters or unifix cubes available for children to use may help to build initial understanding.
How: Draw a large 3 x 3 grid on the floor. Write a number from 1-9 in each square.
Put children into two teams.
First child throws one bean-bag onto grid. Talk about what other number is needed to make ten. Encourage the child to work it out. The teacher can have counters to help with this. Child attempts to throw the second bean-bag onto that number. Score a point if successful. If unsuccessful, score a bonus point by calculating the total actually thrown. Score points using tally marks.
Memory-to-ten game (video example)
Focus: Identifying pairs of numbers that add to make ten. Having counters or unifix cubes available for children to use may help to build initial understanding.
How: Use playing cards 1-9. Place in a 3 x 4 grid pattern face down. Children take turns, turning two cards over. Do they make ten? If they do, child keeps the card and the next child takes their turn.
Variation:Use ten-frame cards initially, to help build the part-part-whole idea with visual cues before going on to numeral cards.
Playing card flash
Focus: Automatic recall of pairs of numbers that add to ten.
How: The teacher has a number of playing cards from 1-9. Hold up one card, children respond as quickly as possible with the number needed to make ten. The children can have ten unifix in front of them as a scaffold. As they become familiar with the activity, take the unifix away and increase the speed of showing the cards.
Links
References to Other Resources